Reliability 2. says how many percent of the total time are downtimes. An aid for easier remembering: the letter F is also the first letter of the word failure. The reliability, availability, and serviceability(or "RAS") of a computer system have always been important factors in data processing. Validity 3. Magnetic drums are also used for storage .At that time memory was very expensive. Some objects could be repaired after failure but are not, because of economic reasons. Our team is growing all the time, so we’re always on the lookout for smart people who want to help us reshape the world of scientific publishing. It also expresses the average probability that the object will be able to fulfill the expected task at any instant. The Windows 10 reliability monitor display is made up of three distinct areas--each area provides specific information on a timeline describing events … 1. Good information is relevant for its purpose, sufficiently accurate for its purpose, complete enough for the problem, reliable and targeted to the right person. Similarly, F = COU = 0.09565 ≈ 9.6%. A limited amount of data can be stored, temporarily, in the primary memory. Available from: Department of Mechanics, Materials and Machine Parts, Jan Perner Transport Faculty, University of Pardubice, Czech Republic. Information : Proper collection of the data is called information.Characteristics of Computer 1. In a town, N = 30 buses are necessary for assuring reliable traffic on 15 routes. Automation Computer performs all the tasks automatically i.e. ADVERTISEMENTS: This article throws light upon the four important characteristics of a good test. Mean time to repair and between repairs, coefficient of availability and unavailability, failure rate. A more accurate value of the instantaneous failure rate λ(t) can be obtained from several nf values occurring in a wider interval around the time t.]. Our readership spans scientists, professors, researchers, librarians, and students, as well as business professionals. QoS is an overall performance measure of the computer network. For example, COA = 0.9 means that, on average, the vehicle (or machine) is only 90% of all time in operation, and 10% of the total time it is idle due to failures. Help us write another book on this subject and reach those readers. It has a strong focus on process management, system security, and uptime. A) Computer Characteristics & … The computer program presented in this paper applies to this type of graph and evaluates upper and lower bounds to three system-reliability characteristics: availability, mean time-to-fail, and mean time-to-repair. With the above numbers, Ntot = 30/0.85 = 35.29. Failure rate (1) thus corresponds to the failure probability density, λ(t) = f(t). Characteristics of Information. Publishing on IntechOpen allows authors to earn citations and find new collaborators, meaning more people see your work not only from your own field of study, but from other related fields too. Computerized accounting systems include the use of computers and a software application or program to aid companies in recording, reporting and analyzing financial information. They uses two types of computer programming languages, machine language and assembly language. As PhD students, we found it difficult to access the research we needed, so we decided to create a new Open Access publisher that levels the playing field for scientists across the world. [Remark: Formula (13) is only approximate and often exhibits big scatter. For example, calculation and generation of salary slips of thousands of employees of an organization, weather forecasting that requires analysis of a large amount of data related to temperature, pressure and humidity of various places, etc. First and foremost, a software product must meet all the requirements of the customer or end-user. Thus, the term nonrepaired objects can be used as more universal. 1 month or year), ∑tdown is the sum of down times in this interval, and ttot is the total investigated time. Also, the cost of developing and maintaining the software should be low. The Basic Characteristics of Computer are as following :: Speed; Accuracy; Memory; Diligence; Versatility; Reliability; Low Cost & Reduced Size; Automatic; No Feeling & No IQ; Speed :: Licensee IntechOpen. (a) Failure function F(t) and (b) reliability function R(t). We share our knowledge and peer-reveiwed research papers with libraries, scientific and engineering societies, and also work with corporate R&D departments and government entities. The basic quantity for unrepaired objects is the time to failure tf. It has been found that cloud computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous, convenient, on-demand network access the computing re… The coefficient of availability can also be calculated as. Here, one must distinguish between unrepaired and repaired objects depending on whether the failed object is discarded or repaired and again put into service. The first generation computers were used vaccum tubes as the main electronic part. In addition to the net time of the repair, some logistic times are often necessary, which sometimes last much longer than the repair. It can perform different types of tasks with the same ease. This often is not an issue for unicast protocols, but it may become a problem for reliable multicast protocols. If a group of identical objects is put into operation, the individual pieces begin to fail after some time, and it is also possible to express the number of failed pieces as a function of time, nf(t). Outside of specific contexts, computer performance is estimated in terms of accuracy, efficiency and speed of executing computer program instructions. The reason behind this is the gradual growth of the companies which are in need of the place to store their data. Useful information on reliability is obtained from a very simple characteristic, the average or mean time to failure or MTTF, which is generally defined as. Submitted: January 8th 2016Reviewed: February 3rd 2016Published: April 13th 2016, Home > Books > Concise Reliability for Engineers. The coefficient of availability can be calculated as the number of operable buses, Nup, divided by the total number of vehicles, COA = Nup/Ntot, from which Ntot = Nup/COA. Usability. Computers have the ability to communicate, but of course there needs some sort of connection (either Wired or Wireless connection). It has long been considered one of three related attributes that must be considered when making, buying, or using a computer product or component. Reliability : The output generated by the computer is very reliable as long as the data is reliable. MTBF is the mean time (of operation) between failures and MTTR is the mean time to repair (generally, the mean down time caused by failures). Secondary storage devices like floppy disk and compact disk can store a large amount of data permanently. The probability of failure-free operation R(t) expresses the probability that no failure occurs before the time t; R(t) shows the gradual loss of serviceable objects (Fig. The complementary quantity, coefficient of unavailability. By making research easy to access, and puts the academic needs of the researchers before the business interests of publishers. For memory devices punch card and paper tapes were used. Therefore, companies are in competition to provide large space to store data along with the various features and quality service. Contact our London head office or media team here. As it follows from long-term records, the mean availability of the buses is COA = 0.85. This is typical of simple unrepairable objects, such as lamp bulbs, screws, windows, integrated circuits, and many inexpensive parts. *Address all correspondence to: jaroslav.mencik@upce.cz. In this chapter, time-dependent failures will be dealt with. Reliability can affect only error prone by human mind. Even the simple records from operation can give the basic values of probabilities and reliability. Also, a living being cannot be repaired, if it has died. If a repairable item fails, it is repaired and again put into operation. The qualitative and quantitative description of computer based task performance is utilized as an example. So in measurement reliability is the consistency with which a test yields the same result […] Reliability If a packet gets lost or acknowledgement is not received (at sender), the re-transmission of data will be needed. Electronic time per calculation ranged from 0.1 milliseconds to1 milliseconds. After a failure, the object is repaired and continues working. 1. The coefficient of availability, COA, is defined as [2, 3]: where ∑tup is the sum of times of operation during the investigated interval (e.g. Reliability: Linux is notoriously reliable and secure. Software is defined as collection of computer programs, procedures, rules and data. Determine the coefficient of availability (COA) and unavailability (COU). Special software’s are used for text and video chat. If we denote each interval as “uptime” tup or “downtime” tdown, we can calculate the mean time between failures, MTBF, and the mean time to repair, MTTR: If data for a high number of values tup and tdown are available, the distribution of these times can also be obtained and used. If components with very long life are tested, the tests are usually terminated after some predefined time or after failure of certain fraction of all components. Complete List and Explanation on Computer Characteristics. In complex systems, the failed part can also be replaced by a good one to reduce the downtime. Basic characteristics about computer are: … First, it can be rewritten as follows: The separation of the variables leads to the differential equation of first order. The failed item is discarded. To reliably ensure the public traffic, 36 buses are thus necessary. Reliability: The dictionary meaning of reliability is consistency, depend­ence or trust. The term reliability refers to the ability of a computer-related hardware or software component to consistently perform according to its specifications. The number of working objects remains constant, so that R(t) = 1. Cloud Computingis gaining more and more popularity day by day. collapse of a bridge), regardless of the time, only its probability is of interest. If failure is considered as a single event (e.g. It is t-1, for example, h-1 or % per hour for machines, components, or appliances, km-1 for vehicles, etc. In this case, the term hazard rate is used as more appropriate, but the expression failure rate is also very common. Reliability is a very big characteristics of computer. Computers can perform several tasks at a time. When it comes to high computer performance, one or more of the following factors might be involved: Express the average probability (in %) that the machine (a) will be able to work at any instant (R) and (b) will not be able to work (F). Flow of operations (uptimes, tup) and repairs (downtimes, td). Remark: Equation (6) is appropriate if all objects have failed. The characteristics of computer that are speed, accuracy, diligence, versatility,Power of Remembering,No IQ,No Feeling and storage capacity. Reliability is usually characterized by the probability of failure or by the time to failure. 1a). Data : Data is a raw material of information. Mean time between failures MTBF = ∑tup,j/n = (28 + 16 + 20 + 10 + 30)/5 = 104/5 = 20.8 h. Mean time to repair MTTR = ∑tdown,j/n = (3 + 2 + 1 + 3 + 2)/5 = 11/5 = 2.2 h. Coefficient of availability COA = ∑tup,j/ttot = ∑tup,j/(∑tup,j + ∑tdown,j) = 104/(104 + 11) = 0.90435. Basically, failure rate expresses the probability of failure during a time unit. Specific attention is paid to reliability and complexity assessment of computer based task and the correlation between these vital characteristics of human performance. Reliability. Friends & family can connect over the internet and share files, photos & videos online. It also expresses the probability that the object will not be able to perform its function at a demanded instant. 1b) and is called reliability function (therefore the symbol R). ACCURACY : Since Computer is programmed, so what ever input we give it gives result with accuratly. Experience and research shows that good information has numerous qualities. The fraction of failed objects, F(t), increases with time, and the fraction of objects that have not failed, R(t), decreases. Reliability characteristics for a technical installation are very important for the design of the installation. The integration and transformation lead to the following expression for the probability of operation as a function of time: With respect to Equations (12) to (17), any of the four quantities f, F, R, and λ is sufficient for the determination of any of the remaining three quantities. © 2016 The Author(s). Login to your personal dashboard for more detailed statistics on your publications. In theory, a reliable product is totally free of technical errors. The Business Value of the Internet The internet is a global network of interlinked computers operating on a standard protocol that allows information exchange. It’s based on principles of collaboration, unobstructed discovery, and, most importantly, scientific progression. What is the total necessary number of buses Ntot? Characteristics of computer: Accuracy Accuracy of a computer is consistently high and the degree of accuracy of a particular computer depends on the instructions and the type of processor. The main characteristics of a computer are : The computer can process data very fast, at the rate of millions of instructions per second. Mean time to repair and between repairs, coefficient of availability and unavailability, failure rate. In practice, vendors commonly express product reliability as a percentage. The number of reserve vehicles is 36 – 30 = 6 buses. 3a in Chapter 2. For example, the computer can accurately give the result of division of any two numbers up to 10 decimal places. When used for a longer period of time, the computer does not get tired or fatigued. • Survey participants' overall satisfaction ("extremely satisfied" or "very satisfied") with laptop reliability from all companies has improved from 67.6 percent in 2008 to 81.9 percent in 2011. f(t) is the probability density of failure (=dF/dt), and R(t) is the probability that the object was operated until the time t. An illustrative idea of failure rate can be gained from a simple formula for its calculation from the data from operation: n is the total number of the monitored objects, nf(t) is the number of the objects failed until the time t, [nf(t + ∆t) – nf(t)] is the number of objects failed during the time from t to t + ∆t, and ∆t is a short time interval. 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